The Internal Coordinate Manipulation Commands
The commands in this section can be used to construct cartesian
coordinates from internal coordinate values. The internal coordinate
data structure can also be used for analysis purposes.
There are flexible editing commands for manipulating the data structure.
When these commands are used in conjunction with the Coordinate
Manipulation commands (see *note Corman:(corman.doc).) and the
I/O commands (see *note IO:(io.doc).), a rather complete model
building facility exists.
* Menu:
* Syntax:: Syntax of the internal coordinate commands
* Function:: Purpose of each of the commands
* Structure:: Description of the structure of internal coordinates
Syntax of Internal Coordinates commands
[SYNTAX IC - internal coordinate tables]
IC { PARAmeters [ALL] }
{ FILL [COMP] [APPEnd] [PREServe] [SAVEd] }
{ GENErate [THREe] atom-selection }
{ DIFFerences [COMP] [APPEnd] [SCALe real] }
{ DERIvatives [COMP] [APPEnd] [DELTa real] }
{ DYNAmics dynamics-spec }
{ EDIT }
{ BUILd [COMP] [SAVEd] }
{ SEED atom atom atom [COMP] }
{ PURGe [SAVEd] }
{ ADD [SAVEd] }
{ SUBTract [SAVEd] }
{ SCALe scale-spec [SAVEd] }
{ RANDom [ISEEd int] [SAVEd] }
{ GAUSsian [ZMIX] UNIT int atom atom atom }
{ PUCKer 5x(atom) ANGLe real AMPL real }
{ }
{ { DELete } { BYNUM int [int] } [SAVEd] }
{ { KEEP } { ic-selection } }
{ }
{ SAVE [PREServe ] }
{ RESTore [OVERwrite] }
{ }
{ READ [FILE] [APPEnd] UNIT int [SAVEd] }
{ }
{ WRITe [FILE] [RESId] UNIT int [SAVEd] }
{ }
{ PRINt [SAVEd] }
atom::= { residue-number atom-name }
{ segid resid atom-name }
{ BYNUm atom-number }
{ next-from-atom-selection }
dynamics-spec::= { [AVERages] } [FIRStunit int] [NUNIts int]
{ FLUCtuations } [BEGIn int] [STOP int] [NSKIp int]
ic-selection::= { } atom-selection
{ [FIRSt] [SECOnd] [THIRd] [FOURth] [IMPR] }
{ [DIHE] }
scale-spec ::= [ BOND real ] [ ANGLe real ] [ DIHEdral real ]
atom-selection ::= see *note select:(select.doc).
next-from-atom-selection ::= all atoms are selected from a single atom
selection in sequential order.
The syntax for the EDIT subcommands are:
{ DISTance atom atom real [ADD] }
{ ANGLe atom atom atom real [ADD] }
{ DIHEdral { atom atom [*]atom atom } real [ADD] }
{ { ICNUmber integer } }
{ END }
Purpose of the various Internal Coordinate commands
Description :
These commands are used to setup, modify and process the
internal coordinates of the molecule. This operation is very useful
in setting up atom coordinates whenever they are not known. This
occurs when a protein structure is built from scratch or when an
existing structure is modified. The modification can be simply a
conformational change, or a change in the residue sequence through
replacement, insertion, or deletion. Many of these modifications can
be processed within the program as it currently stands. Other more
difficult modifications can be facilitated by editing the internal
coordinate card file by using external programs.
This facility is also useful as an analysis tool. Several support
program use the output from IC tables for conformational analysis
(phi-psi maps, ring pucker, pseudorotational angles, solvent structure,...).
Command ordering :
The Internal Coordinate commands (except EDIT and READ) can only be
used if internal coordinates exist (i.e. if the IC common is filled).
This can only be filled by reading an IC file, or by using the SETUp
keyword in the GENErate or PATCh commands. The information used to setup
is obtained from the residue topology file used in the generation process.
Subcommand interpretation :
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PARAmeter [ALL] - Fill table with parameter values
Fill the internal coordinates using standard values from
the parameter file, unless otherwise specified in the residue topology
file (see RTF:(IO)Rtf File Formats.). A value of zero for any bond or
angle (not dihedral) indicates that this value should be obtained
from the parameters. If the ALL keyword is specified, then all angle
and bond values will be filled from the parameter set regardless of the
existing values. Setting bond and angles values to zero with the IC edit
command makes it possible to selectively use this command.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FILL [COMP] [APPEnd] [PREServe] - Convert from cartesian to internal coordinates
Fill the internal coordinate values wherever possible from the
known atomic coordinates. IC's for atoms that are not placed are zeroed
unless the PREServe keyword is specified, in which case the entries are not
modified. If the COMP keyword is used, then The alternate coordinate set
will be used to fill the IC data structure. The APPEnd option will add
the current values to the existing values of the table.
For example, one way to see how the current coordinates match a reference
ic table:
ic scale bond -1.0 angle -1.0 dihe -1.0
ic fill append
print ic
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GENErate [THREe] atom-selection - Generate an IC table from connectivity data
The IC GENErate command will generate additional IC table entries
based on the bond list (connectivity data). This command will not modify the
existing IC table data entries. It will attempt to add one IC entry for each
selected atom, but for isolated molecules, it will generate NSEL-3, because the
first three entries will be incomplete (and thus ignored). If the "THREe"
keyword is specified, then it will also include any 3 atom (incomplete)
IC entries from the search procedure.
The main purpose for this command is to be able to easily produce an
IC table for internal coordinate analysis. The simple algorithm employed
here does not do a very good job of guessing reasonable IC dihedral values
for use in coordinate building such as;
IC GENErate ...
IC PARAM
IC SEED ...
IC BUILD
For this usage, all dihedrals are set to trans-planar (180.0 degrees) and all
improper types are set to 180, +/-120, or +/-90 degrees, depending on the number
of bonds on the central atom. Some editing of the table (see IC EDIT) may
be essential before constructing coordinates. Where the current algorithm
has known problems:
1. Ring structures - trans-planar is not a good starting guess. Some may
need to be edited to be cis-planar (0 degrees) or gauche (+/-60 degrees).
2. Linear bonds - It may be necessary to add explicit IC entires for square
planar configurations in order to avoid the linear bond problem with exact
square planar configurations (i.e. the NA-FE-NC angle in the heme group)
3. The algorithm always uses the most massive branch as the "mainchain".
If the last residue (c-terminal) of a polypeptide chain is LYS, then
there will be no -C-N-CA-C (phi) torsion angle, since the sidechain
is more massive than the carboxyl group (instead you'll have -C-N-CA-CB).
This can be "fixed" by temporarily setting the masses of the terminal
atoms to large real values. Likewise, an atom in a branch to be avoided
as the "mainchain" can be temporarily set to a large negative value.
4. Tetrahedral chiral centers - Currently the improper values are set based
on atom order for non-mainchain atoms. The opposite chirality can be
achieved with IC EDIT, or an atom reordering.
Note: The current algorithm (roughly 300 lines of code) is rather simple. The
problems listed above could be solved with a more complex method. Whether this
is ever done (and when) will depend on user demand - BRB - March 2, 1998
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIFFerence [COMP] [APPEnd] - Fill table with the difference of two structures
The DIFF command will cause the IC table entries to be filled
with differences of internal coordinate values. Normally the
values are filled (MAIN-COMP), but this is reversed if the COMP
keyword is used. The APPEnd keyword will cause the differences
to be added to the existing IC table values.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DERIvative [COMP] [APPEnd] - Fill table with internal derivatives
The DERIvative command will fill the IC table entries with the
analytical internal derivatives associated with a particular vector
(velocity, forces, or normal mode are typical examples). Normally, it is
assumed that the vector is stored in the main coordinate set and the
coordinates are stored in the comparison set. If the COMP keyword is
specified, then their roles are reversed. The APPE keyword will cause
the new values to be added to the existing table values.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DYNAmics - Fill table with dynamic averages or fluctuations.
The IC DYNAmics command generates averages or fluctuations for
the IC table from a dynamics trajectory. The syntax is;
IC DYNAmics { [AVERages] } [FIRStunit int] [NUNIts int]
{ FLUCtuations } [BEGIn int] [STOP int] [NSKIp int]
Either the averages, or the fluctuations about the current table values
can be computed. The sequence;
IC FILL
IC DYNAmics AVERage ...
PRINT IC
IC DYNAMics FLUCtuations ...
PRINT IC
will print out the averages and fluctuations about the averages. For
dihedrals, whether computing fluctuations or averages, a reference value
is subtracted before summing (i.e. values are always within 180 degrees
of the reference value), thus explaining the need for the IC FILL command
preceeding the first IC DYNAmics command.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EDIT - Add to or modify the IC table elements
Edit the internal coordinate file. This command causes the
input stream to transfer to the IC edit mode. The edit mode
commands are:
DIST atom atom real [ADD]
ANGLE atom atom atom real [ADD]
DIHE atom atom [*]atom atom real [ADD]
END
atom::= {residue-number atom-name}
{ segid resid atom-name }
{ BYNUm atom-number }
These commands will specify a particular internal coordinate value.
All occurences of the specified item will be modified.
If the specified atoms have no corresponding IC table entry,
then a new IC entry will be added for these specified atoms.
For the ANGLe option when a new IC entry is added, the corresponding
1-2 and 2-3 distances will be filled from other existing values
(or left as zeros). For the DIHEdral option, an optional '*' on the third
atom denotes that this is the central atom of an improper dihedral type.
When adding a new IC entry for dihedrals, the associated bond and angle
terms are filled from existing table values is possible, otherwise,
they are added with zeros.
The ADD option will add the specified value to the current
corresponding value in the IC table. An error will be issued if the
IC table entry does not already exist. For example, the command
DIHE 15 N 15 CA 15 C 16 N 10.0 ADD
will increase the psi angle of residue 15 by 10.0 degrees.
The END command is used to exit from the edit IC mode.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BUILd [COMP] [SAVEd] - Convert from internal to cartesian coordinates
This command determines the cartesian coordinates for all
unspecified atoms from the data in the IC file (wherever possible).
The user is responsible to make sure that the designation for all atoms
is unique. In the case that the system is over specified, An atom is
placed on the first opportunity (no checking is done for currently placed
atoms). If it is desired to modify the position of atoms with known
coordinates, the coordinates for those atoms must be reinitialized using
the COOR INIT command. If an IC element contains a zero bond length or
angle (not dihedral), then it will not be used to place the terminal atom.
This option is useful in cases where the system is overspecified and
building is not desired for some IC's. For example;
IC: 2 O4' 2 C2' 2 C1' 2 H1' 0.0 0.0 120.0 109.5 1.0
can be used to place H1' but will not place atom O4'. Again, if the COMP
keyword is used, then the alternate coordinate set will be used and modified.
If the "SAVEd" keyword is used, then it will use the IC table generated
by the most recent "IC SAVE" command in lieu of the normal IC table.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SEED atom atom atom [COMP] - Place first three atoms for building reference
When the cartesian coordinates are not specified for any atoms,
the BUILd command cannot be used to generate positions since all positions
are determined relative to known positions. The SEED command specifies the
positions of the three atoms . It puts the first at the origin, the second
on the x-axis, and the third in the xy-plane. The three atoms must have
entries in the IC file corresponding to: dist 1-2, angle 1-2-3, dist 2-3.
The COMP keyword causes the alternate coordinate set to be modified.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DELEte { BYNUM int [int] } - Delete selected elements from the table
{ ic-selection }
ic-selection::= { } atom-selection
{ [FIRSt] [SECOnd] [THIRd] [FOURth] [IMPR] }
{ [DIHE] }
This commands deletes a specified set of IC's from the data file.
The delete can be by number (using the BYNUM keyword and a range), or by
atoms selection. Any IC that contains a selected atom will be removed.
By default, the atom can match in any position. However, a specific match
may be requested by specifying one or more of (FIRSt,SECOnd,THIRd,FOURth).
Specifying all of them is equivalent to the default. Also, the keywords
DIHE or IMPR may be used to select to delete only those which represent
normal dihedrals (DIHE), or those of type improper (IMPR).
Example:
IC DELE DIHE FIRST SELE TYPE CA END - This command will delete any IC
element that is a dihedral type AND
has a CA in the first position.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
KEEP { BYNUM int [int] } - Delete all non-selected elements from the table
{ ic-selection }
ic-selection::= { } atom-selection
{ [FIRSt] [SECOnd] [THIRd] [FOURth] [IMPR] }
{ [DIHE] }
The keep command is almost the logical opposite of the DELEte
command. Its options are identical, except that the selected set of IC's
is kept, and all of the remaining ones are deleted. As in the IC DELEte
command, a positional match may be selected. Also, the keywords DIHE or
IMPR may be used to ADDITIONALLY keep all entries which represent normal
dihedrals (DIHE), or those of type improper (IMPR).
Example:
IC KEEP DIHE FIRST SELE TYPE CA END - This command will retain any IC
element that is a dihedral type OR
any improper type of IC element
with a CA in the first position.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PURGe - Clean up the IC table
The PURGe command will cause all IC's that contain undefined atoms
to be deleted. This is not automatic because sometimes it is desirable
to keep partial IC table entries (where less than 4 atoms are defined).
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SCALe [BOND real] [ANGLe real] [DIHE real] - Scale table elements by a factor.
The SCALe command will multiply all elements of a table by a
constant factor. This is primarily used when the table contains IC
differences or derivatives, and new structures are to be generated based
on these values. For example, the following sequence will generate
a structure that is midway between two structures in internal
coordinate space (Note: this is different from COOR AVERage):
IC FILL COMP
IC FILL APPEND
IC SCALE BOND 0.5 ANGLE 0.5 DIHE 0.5
COOR INIT SELE ALL
IC SEED ...
IC BUILD
COOR ORIE RMS MASS
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RANDom [ISEEd int]- Randomize all dihedral values
The RANDom command will randomize all dihedral values in the
table. It will use and modify the specified ISEED value. To randomize
a subset of dihedral values, the following procedure may be optimal:
[read in RTF, PARAM, and sequence]
GENErate MAIN SETUp ! generate segment with IC table
IC PARAM ! fill zeroes in IC table with optimal parameter values
IC SAVE ! save the entire IC table
IC DELEte IMPRoper ! get rid of improper IC terms
IC DELEte .... ! get rid of dihedrals that will not be randomized
IC KEEP .... ! "
IC PRINT ! print to check if correct dihedrals are randomized
IC RANDOM ISEED 12345678 ! Randomize all remaining IC dihedral values
IC RESTore PREServe ! add all IC entries that are not randomized
IC SEED ... ! start the build process
IC BUILD ! complete the build process
COOR ORIENT MASS ! align the center of mass with the origin
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SAVE [PREServe ] - Save the current IC table
[OVERwrite]
The SAVE command will copy the main IC table to a second
IC table for later retrieval. If the PREServe keyword is specified,
then any IC elements already in the second table will be unmodified
and only IC entries from the main set not contained in the second
set will be appended to the second set.
If the OVERwrite keyword is specified, then all entries from the main
set will be copied to the second set, however, any IC elements
already in the second table and not contained in the main table will
be unmodified.
If neither PRESeve nor OVERwrite is specified, then a simple copy
of the main set to the second set is performed (current second set
data is lost).
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RESTore [PREServe ] - Restore a previously saved IC table
[OVERwrite]
The RESTore command will copy the saved IC table (See IC SAVE
command) to the current IC table. If the PREServe keyword is specified,
then any IC elements already in the main table will be unmodified
and only IC entries from the second set not contained in the main
set will be appended to the main set.
If the OVERwrite keyword is specified, then all entries from the second
set will be copied to the main set, however, any IC elements
already in the main table and not contained in the second table will
be unmodified.
If neither PRESeve nor OVERwrite is specified, then a simple copy
of the second set to the main set is performed (current main set
data is lost).
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GAUSsian [ZMIX] UNIT int atom atom atom - Make a GAUSSIAN86 input file from
CHARMM coordinates
The GAUSsian command will make a GAUSSIAN98 coordinate in Z-matrix
form for use with the popular ab initio program. The MAIN coordinates will
be used unless the COMP keyword is specified. The first three atoms must
be specified (in the IC SEED format) and an output unit number must be
specified for a write access file. If internal coordinates are undefined
the entire molecule will be printed in Z-matrix form. In case internal
coordinates are defined for a portion of molecule then this will
result in Z-matrix printed for these atoms only. The remaining atoms will
not be shown.
Mixed Cartesian-internal coordinate printing is activated by ZMIX keyword.
Atoms having internal coordinate records will be printed in Z-matrix form
while the other atoms will be printed in their Cartesian representation.
The mixed Cartesian-internal coordinate representation is designed for
performing partial geometry optimization of mutual orientation of two
interacting fragments (molecules) taken at their fixed geometry. Atoms of
the first fragment are defined by Cartesian coordinates. Atoms of the second
fragment are defined by CHARMM internal coordinates and these atoms will be
printed in Z-matrix form relatively to the first fragment.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PUCKer - Set ring pucker values
Set the ring pucker magnitude and phase IC table to a specified value.
To force the conformation of the ring to these values, use "CONS IC.." and
then minimize.
To set the pucker for a DNA sugar, use the following command;
IC PUCKer <I> c4' <I> o4' <I> c1' <I> c2' <I> c3' ANGLe <real> AMPLitude <real>
Where <I> is the residue number (may be a loop variable) or SEGID/RESID
combination (see *note (intcor.doc)Syntax ). For this command to
function without warning and/or errors, all 5 canonical torsion angles
corresponding to the selected atoms must be part of the current IC table.
Note: The order of the atoms is significant!
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Internal Coordinate concepts:
Given the positions of any three atoms, the position of a fourth
atom can be defined in relative terms (internal coordinates) with three
values: a distance, an angle, and a dihedral specification. Where many
atoms are connected in a long sequence (as in proteins) it is easiest
to consider four atoms in a chain. If the positions of one end of the chain
is known, it is possible to find the positions of all of the remaining atoms
with a series of internal coordinate values. But in the more general case,
where some central portion of a molecule is known it is necessary to be able
work in both directions. This lead to the present form of the internal
coordinate data structure (five values for four atoms) where if either
endpoint is unknown and the other three atoms are determined, the position
of the end atom can be found.
The improper type of internal coordinate data structure was created
for branching structures (as opposed to simple chains). Since there are
roughly five values in the data structure for every atom it is clear that
the positions are overspecified. Keep this in mind when externally editing
IC files. The program will use the first acceptable value when building
a structure and ignore any redundancies. The EDIT commands will always
modify all occurences of each edited parameter.
Normal IC table entry:
I
\
\
J----K
\
\
L
values (Rij),(Tijk),(Pijkl),(Tjkl),(Rkl)
Improper type of IC table entry
I L
\ /
\ /
*K
|
|
J
values (Rik),(Tikj),(Pijkl),T(jkl),(Rkl)
Internal Coordinate file structure:
The internal coordinate file can be stored in either card or binary
form. for most purposes the card form will be used (since it can be edited).
There are two types of elements in the internal coordinate file, those that
correspond to normal dihedral angles and those that correspond to improper
dihedrals. They can be distinguished by the presence of a '*' just before
the iupac name of the third (K) atom (its presence denotes an improper
dihedral type).
For each element there are four atoms (referred to as I,J,K,L) and
five values. Elements of the IC file are symmetric with respect to
inverting the order of the atoms except that for improper types only atoms
I and L can be interchanged (also the sign of phi must be changed since
phi(IJKL)=-phi(LJKI) ).
NIH/DCRT/Laboratory for Structural Biology
FDA/CBER/OVRR Biophysics Laboratory
Modified, updated and generalized by C.L. Brooks, III
The Scripps Research Institute